Name-plate on the John Brashear family crypt in the basement of the University of Pittsburgh's Allegheny Observatory.
(Image Sources: John Brashear Autobiography, Wikipedia.org, By John Brashear - A Man Who Loved the Stars: The Autobiography of John A. Brashear, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4725142)
By Glenn A. Walsh
Reporting for SpaceWatchtower
“WE HAVE LOVED THE STARS TOO FONDLY
TO BE FEARFUL OF THE NIGHT.”
Today, many people throughout the world
recognize that sentence as the epitaph on a crypt (in which the
ashes of John Brashear, and the ashes of his wife Phoebe, are interred) in the basement of
the University of Pittsburgh's Allegheny Observatory (which was directly below the 30-inch Keeler Memorial Reflector Telescope), for a
man who was beloved in the late 19th century and early
20th century. This was John A. Brashear who passed-away
from a form of food poisoning this day, one hundred years ago (1920
April 8) at the age of 79.
The epitaph is slightly paraphrased
from a poem by Sarah Williams, “The Old Astronomer to His Pupil
Tycho Brahe,” which John Brashear and his wife, Phoebe, both loved.
John Brashear was foremost one of the greatest
producers of fine telescopes and precision scientific instruments of
his era. A perfectionist, he produced telescopic and
spectroscopic optics and other scientific apparatus of a precision
unheard-of up until that time. At a time when scientific research was
at the technical limits of its reach, Brashear optics and equipment
greatly extended that reach.
His business started as the John A.
Brashear Company in 1881. His telescopes, spectroscopes, and other
scientific instruments were sold to astronomical observatories and
other scientific installations and organizations throughout the
world. Previously, he had been a millwright in a rolling steel mill
on the South Side of Pittsburgh, building telescopes as a hobby in
his spare time.
John Brashear was an astronomer who, at
one time, was Acting Director of Pittsburgh's Allegheny Observatory.
However, he refused a permanent appointment to the position.
He was an educator, who had limited
post-secondary education himself—his six doctorates were all
honorary degrees. However, he was Acting Chancellor of the Western
University of Pennsylvania (predecessor of the University of
Pittsburgh), again refusing a permanent appointment to the position.
And, he was an adviser to several major
industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick, and Charles
Schwab.
For Andrew Carnegie, he was part of the
three-member Plan and Scope Committee which developed the Carnegie
Technical Schools, now known as Carnegie Mellon University. He was
also one of the original Directors of Pittsburgh's Carnegie
Institute, including the Museums of Natural History and Art, the
Music Hall, and the city's Carnegie Library system.
For Henry Clay Frick, he organized the
Henry Clay Frick Educational Commission (now the
Henry Clay Frick Educational Fund of the Buhl Foundation) that
would provide grants to public school teachers, which would enable
them to study, travel, and do research work. Originally
endowed with $250,000, Henry Clay Frick later added $62,500
to the endowment. This would be equivalent to $8,509,144.74 in
today's dollars!
The Henry Clay Frick Educational
Commission also underwrote the cost of free public tours of the
Allegheny Observatory several days of the week, during the
warm-weather months. As part of the design of the new, three-dome
Allegheny Observatory, which opened in 1912 (the original one-dome
Allegheny Observatory had opened in 1861), the original 13-inch
Fitz-Clark Refractor Telescope was dedicated to public use, in
essence the second public observatory (the Cincinnati
Observatory, which opened in 1845, was the first public observatory).
Although working hard to provide
funding and facilities for the advancement of professional astronomy,
John Brashear was insistent that the Allegheny Observatory display
the wonders of the Universe to the common man. So, in addition to
providing a public observatory as part of the Allegheny Observatory
complex, he made sure the complex was easily accessible to the
general public. He had the new Allegheny Observatory built in a new
city park, at the extreme north end of the city, to avoid industrial
smoke and light pollution, within one block of a major streetcar
line.
He also insisted that a lecture hall be
added as part of the complex, so the general public could learn more
about astronomy.
John Brashear almost single-handedly
raised the funds to build the new Allegheny Observatory. But there
were obstacles, such as the Panic (recession) of 1893. In 1894,
Andrew Carnegie advised him to wait “until coke sells
at a dollar a ton and we will build the Observatory.”
By 1905, John Brashear was
still short $65,000 for an observatory building which would include
three telescopes: 30-inch Thaw Photographic Refractor, 30-inch Keeler
Memorial Reflector, and the original 13-inch Fitz-Clark Refractor. In
what may have been one of the first “challenge grants,” Henry
Clay Frick promised to fund half of that amount, if John Brashear could
raise the other half by October.
Due to his wife’s
failing health, John Brashear was committed to his annual Summer vacation
at Muskoka Lakes in Canada. From there, by long-distance
correspondence, he raised $20,000. After returning to
Pittsburgh, he raised the rest of the amount, and a wee bit
more, by H.C. Frick’s deadline. In addition, the Carnegie-Illinois Steel
Company, thanks to Company President Charles Schwab, donated all of
the steel for the superstructure; Andrew Carnegie had sold his steel
interests in 1901.
John Brashear received many honors later in his life, including six honorary degrees, fellowships in respected scientific and educational organizations, as well as invitations from all over the world to lecture and write for learned societies. He was beloved by the Pittsburgh community, as well as by astronomers throughout the world. In 1915, in recognition of John Brashear's 75th birthday, postcards, telegrams, and gifts were sent to him as the city and the nation celebrated his birthday. Everyone simply knew him as “Uncle John.”
John Brashear received many honors later in his life, including six honorary degrees, fellowships in respected scientific and educational organizations, as well as invitations from all over the world to lecture and write for learned societies. He was beloved by the Pittsburgh community, as well as by astronomers throughout the world. In 1915, in recognition of John Brashear's 75th birthday, postcards, telegrams, and gifts were sent to him as the city and the nation celebrated his birthday. Everyone simply knew him as “Uncle John.”
(Image Sources: John Brashear Autobiography, Wikipedia.org, By John Brashear - A Man Who Loved the Stars: The Autobiography of John A. Brashear, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4725101)
Internet Links to Additional Information ---John A. Brashear:
Link 1 >>> http://johnbrashear.tripod.com/bio/BrashearJ.htm
Link 2 >>> http://johnbrashear.tripod.com/Brashearphotobio.htm#BIO
Link 3 >>> johnbrashear.tripod.com/index.html/#bios
Link 4 >>> http://johnbrashear.tripod.com/
Andrew Carnegie: Link >>> http://www.andrewcarnegie.cc/
Henry Clay Frick: Link >>> http://johnbrashear.tripod.com/frick.html
Allegheny Observatory: Link >>> http://www.pitt.edu/~aobsvtry/
Related Blog Posts ---
"Historic Brashear Telescope Factory Time Capsule Found & Opened." Wed., 2015 March 25.
Link >>> http://spacewatchtower.blogspot.com/2015/03/brashear-telescope-factory-time-capsule.html
"Brashear House & Factory: Nomination to National Register of Historic Places." Thur., 2012 October 11.
Link >>> http://spacewatchtower.blogspot.com/2012/10/nomination-to-national-register-of.html
Centennial: New Allegheny Observatory Dedication." Tue., 2012 Aug. 28.
Link >>> http://spacewatchtower.blogspot.com/2012/08/centennial-new-allegheny-observatory.html
Pittsburgh's Allegheny Observatory: New History Film." Thur. 2012 April 19.
Link >>> http://spacewatchtower.blogspot.com/2012/04/pittsburghs-allegheny-observatory-new.html
Source: Glenn A. Walsh Reporting for SpaceWatchtower, a project of Friends of the Zeiss.
Wednesday, 2020 April 8.
Like This Post? Please Share!
More Astronomy & Science News - SpaceWatchtower Twitter Feed:
Link >>> https://twitter.com/spacewatchtower
Astronomy & Science Links: Link >>> http://buhlplanetarium.tripod.com/#sciencelinks
Want to receive SpaceWatchtower blog posts in your in-box ?
Send request to < spacewatchtower@planetarium.cc >.
gaw
Glenn A. Walsh, Informal Science Educator & Communicator:
< http://buhlplanetarium2.tripod.com/weblog/spacewatchtower/gaw/ >
Electronic Mail: < gawalsh@planetarium.cc >
Project Director, Friends of the Zeiss: < http://buhlplanetarium.tripod.com/fotz/ >
SpaceWatchtower Editor / Author: < http://spacewatchtower.blogspot.com/ >
Formerly Astronomical Observatory Coordinator & Planetarium Lecturer, original Buhl Planetarium & Institute of Popular Science (a.k.a. Buhl Science Center), Pittsburgh's science & technology museum from 1939 to 1991.
Formerly Trustee, Andrew Carnegie Free Library and Music Hall, Pittsburgh suburb of Carnegie, Pennsylvania.
Author of History Web Sites on the Internet --
* Buhl Planetarium, Pittsburgh:
< http://www.planetarium.
* Adler Planetarium, Chicago:
< http://adlerplanetarium.
* Astronomer, Educator, Optician John A. Brashear:
< http://johnbrashear.tripod.com >
* Andrew Carnegie & Carnegie Libraries:
< http://www.andrewcarnegie.
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
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and i had no body to help me, and also i searched for
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people around me getting rich but to me i was so
ashamed of myself so i met a man on my way he was
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and I thought it over throughout the day so the next day
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” if you want to get rich quick and be famous” you
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